How to Move to Colombia as an American
A Beginner’s Guide for Digital Nomads & Expats
Ever wondered what it would be like to live in a beautiful country that’s world famous for its coffee and biodiverse landscapes? If you’re considering a move abroad, Colombia has a lot to offer American expats and digital nomads alike.
After a few years away, I came back to the U.S. post-COVID and the quality of life had declined, so I decided to try something new. A friend living in Colombia suggested I visit, so I decided to give it a try for a month. The living standard, Paisa culture and perfect weather made a huge impression, so I went home, packed up my things and ended up having an extended stay in Colombia. This guide covers everything I learned about moving to Colombia as an American.
Why Choose Colombia?
Colombia has become a popular destination for expats and digital nomads. Here are some reasons why:
Ease of Integration
Colombia has a community-oriented culture that makes it easier for newcomers to adapt. Many major cities have established networks and events for every hobby or interest. You can do a walking tour exploring neighborhoods, improve your Spanish or learn about local customs. Colombia’s culture is highly engaging and accessible for those willing to dive in.
Convenient Time Zone for Remote Work
For remote workers from North America, Colombia’s time zone is a major benefit. It aligns closely with Eastern Standard Time, making it convenient to work remotely with U.S.-based clients or companies without struggling with drastic time differences.Modern Infrastructure and Connectivity
Colombia has modernized rapidly in recent years, especially in major cities. Medellín is celebrated for its efficient public transportation system, including the metro and cable cars, which connect remote neighborhoods with the city center. Reliable internet access, coworking spaces and a growing tech scene also make it easy for remote workers to stay connected and productive.Residency Options and Digital Nomad Visa
Colombia has flexible visa options that allow digital nomads and expats to stay for extended periods. Recently, the country introduced a digital nomad visa, providing an opportunity for remote workers to legally live and work in Colombia for up to two years.A Gateway to Latin America
Located in the heart of South America, Colombia serves as a great base for exploring the rest of Latin America. Affordable flights and easy access to neighboring countries like Ecuador, Peru and Brazil make Colombia a convenient starting point for those looking to explore more of the region.A Balance of Urban and Nature Experiences
Colombia offers an ideal mix of city life and natural beauty. In cities like Bogotá, you’ll find a sprawling urban environment with museums, nightlife and a rich art scene. Meanwhile, nature lovers can explore Colombia’s incredible landscapes, from the beaches of the Caribbean coast to the coffee region’s lush mountains, all within a short drive or flight.
Getting Started: Testing the Waters in Colombia
Visa Options for Short-Term Stays
If you’re planning to stay in Colombia for 1-3 months, you’ll likely enter on a tourist visa, which is automatically granted to most nationalities upon arrival and allows for a stay of up to 90 days. If you find yourself wanting to extend your stay, Colombia offers a simple process to renew this visa for an additional 90 days, giving you time to experience more of the country before making long-term plans.
Accommodation Options for Digital Nomads
For a comfortable short-term stay, digital nomads in Colombia have plenty of accommodation options beyond traditional hotels. Airbnb is widely available in all major cities and offers a range of choices from budget-friendly studios to luxury apartments. Co-living spaces have also gained popularity in Medellín and Bogotá, providing a community atmosphere that includes shared workspaces, kitchens and social events.
Exploring Different Neighborhoods
Each city has distinct neighborhoods that offer unique experiences. In Medellín, for instance, El Poblado is known for its lively nightlife and vibrant expat scene, while Laureles offers a more relaxed, residential feel with plenty of local cafés and parks. Sabaneta and Envigado are all outside the popular areas but are developing and residential.
In Bogotá, Zona T and Chapinero are popular with younger crowds and digital nomads, offering easy access to coworking spaces, cafes and restaurants. Getting a feel for these neighborhoods will help you decide where you’d want to live longer-term if you choose to stay in Colombia.
Making Connections Early On
Joining expat groups and attending meetups can make your transition smoother. Apps like Meetup and local Facebook groups for expats in Colombia are great places to find language exchanges, social events and networking opportunities. This helps you quickly establish connections, gather tips from others who have been in your shoes and get recommendations on everything from local hangouts to trusted service providers.
Exploring Beyond the Cities
One of the biggest perks of staying in Colombia is the ability to explore its diverse landscapes. During your short-term stay, consider weekend trips to nearby attractions. For example, from Medellín, you can easily reach Guatapé, a colorful town with breathtaking views from the Piedra del Peñol rock. In Bogotá, take a day trip to Zipaquirá to explore the famous Salt Cathedral. And if you’re in Cartagena, the Rosario Islands offer beautiful beaches and crystal-clear waters just a short boat ride away.
Learning the Basics of Spanish
While it’s possible to get by with English in certain expat hubs, learning some Spanish will significantly enhance your experience. Locals appreciate the effort and knowing basic phrases can make navigating daily life easier and more enjoyable. Short-term Spanish courses or language exchanges with locals are both helpful ways to improve your language skills quickly and engage with the culture on a deeper level.
Evaluating Your Experience
As your short-term stay unfolds, take note of how well Colombia aligns with your lifestyle and work needs. Consider factors like internet reliability, ease of navigating the city, safety and the cost of living in the neighborhood where you’re staying. This evaluation process is crucial in deciding whether to make Colombia a more permanent base.
Preparing for the Move (Long-Term Stay)
Visa and Residency Options
For a long-term move, it’s essential to understand Colombia’s visa options. The M-1 (Migrant) visa is ideal for those looking to live in Colombia for an extended period and can be renewed annually. Colombia also recently introduced a Digital Nomad Visa, which allows remote workers to legally stay in the country for up to two years.
Housing & Long-Term Accommodation
Consider researching housing options ahead of time. Airbnb is an easy option for the initial months, but for a long-term stay, renting an apartment directly or through local real estate agencies is generally more affordable. Some popular neighborhoods for expats include El Poblado and Laureles in Medellín and Chapinero and Zona G in Bogotá. Facebook groups and expat forums are useful resources for finding long-term rentals and can also help you connect with reliable local real estate agents.
Research Transportation and Mobility
In larger cities, public transportation systems are reliable and cost-effective. Medellín’s metro system is one of the most efficient ways to get around and Bogotá has an extensive TransMilenio bus network. For those planning to stay long-term, learning the basics of navigating these systems can save both time and money. If you plan to drive, keep in mind that Colombia recognizes international driver’s licenses for up to six months; however, obtaining a Colombian driver’s license is necessary for extended stays.
Bring Key Documents & Copies
In addition to your passport, make sure to bring multiple copies of important documents, such as your birth certificate, diploma and any relevant professional licenses or certifications. These may be necessary for visa applications, opening a bank account, or other administrative tasks. It’s also wise to have digital copies of all documents stored securely in case of emergencies.
Preparing for Cultural Adjustments
Colombian culture may differ significantly from what you’re used to. Colombians are known for their friendly, welcoming demeanor, but they may also operate on a more flexible schedule, often referred to as “Colombian time.” Be prepared for a relaxed approach to punctuality, especially in social settings. Additionally, while Colombians are generally open and friendly, learning and respecting local customs—such as using formal greetings and showing respect for personal space—is essential for integrating smoothly into daily life.
Set Up a Communication Plan
While you can rely on international phone plans initially, setting up a local SIM card will make communication far easier and more affordable. Local providers like Claro, Movistar and Tigo offer reliable plans with both data and calling options, which can be invaluable for navigating the city and staying connected with locals.
Prepare to Make Connections
Long-term relocation can be isolating, so it’s helpful to start making connections early. Reach out to expat groups on Facebook, use Meetup for social gatherings and join language exchanges to meet locals and other expats. Building a social network can help you adjust and give you access to firsthand advice about life in Colombia.
Plan for Leisure and Local Exploration
One of the best parts of living in Colombia is the opportunity to explore its rich landscapes and cities. From weekend trips to Guatapé or Santa Marta to exploring the Amazon and coffee region, take time to plan trips that allow you to experience the diversity of Colombia’s natural and cultural heritage. Integrating leisure and exploration into your routine helps you feel more connected to your new home.
Stay Informed About Safety
Safety is often a concern for newcomers, but many parts of Colombia are safe for residents and tourists alike. Staying aware of your surroundings, keeping valuables secure and familiarizing yourself with safe areas in each city will help you navigate the country confidently.
Types of Visas for Americans Moving to Colombia
Digital Nomad Visa
Colombia recently introduced the Digital Nomad Visa to attract remote workers and freelancers. To qualify, applicants must provide proof of remote employment or freelance work outside Colombia, a minimum monthly income (typically around $900 USD) and valid health insurance coverage for their stay. This visa allows remote workers to live in Colombia for up to two years, making it an attractive option for those interested in a mid- to long-term stay.
Tourist Visa Extension Tips
For Americans, Colombia allows a visa-free stay for up to 90 days, with the option to extend for an additional 90 days, totaling 180 days in a calendar year. If you’re planning a longer stay but aren’t ready to commit to a long-term visa, extending your tourist visa is a simple and flexible way to stay. Extensions can usually be applied for online or at a local immigration office, though it’s best to start the process a few weeks before your initial 90 days expire.
Resident Visa Options
Retirement Visa (M-11 Visa): This visa is popular among retirees as it requires proof of a stable pension income, usually around three times Colombia’s monthly minimum wage (around $700 USD per month). It allows retirees to stay in Colombia and is renewable yearly. After five years on this visa, holders can apply for permanent residency.
Business Investor Visa (M-6 Visa): For those interested in investing in or starting a business in Colombia, the M-6 Visa requires proof of an investment in a Colombian company or a new business. The minimum investment is around $28,000 USD. This visa is ideal for entrepreneurs looking to establish themselves in Colombia and offers a pathway to residency after five years.
Marriage Visa (M-1 Visa): Available to those married to Colombian citizens, the Marriage Visa requires a marriage certificate and proof of a genuine relationship. This visa must be renewed annually but provides an easy pathway to permanent residency, as applicants can apply for residency after just two years.
Student Visa: For those planning to study in Colombia, the Student Visa allows individuals to stay in Colombia while attending an accredited institution. Proof of enrollment and financial stability is required. This visa is generally valid for the duration of the academic program and can be a good option if you’re looking to learn Spanish or attend a local university.
Permanent Resident (R) Visa
After meeting certain residency requirements on temporary visas (such as the M-1, M-6, or M-11), individuals can apply for the Permanent Resident Visa (R Visa). This visa offers indefinite residency in Colombia and is ideal for those who plan to make Colombia their long-term home. Residency is granted for five years and can be renewed, with no need for additional visa renewals or restrictions on employment.
Important Tips for Long-Term Stays
Research Each Visa’s Requirements: Each visa category has specific documentation requirements, so it’s essential to gather all necessary documents, such as proof of income, investment records, or a marriage certificate.
Consider Hiring a Visa Consultant: Navigating Colombia’s visa process can be complex, especially if you don’t speak Spanish. A local visa consultant or attorney can help ensure you meet all the requirements, making the application process smoother.
Stay Informed on Changes: Colombia’s visa policies can evolve. Stay updated on any changes to visa requirements or application processes by checking official Colombian immigration websites or consulting with an immigration lawyer.
Path to Citizenship
Colombia offers a pathway to citizenship for long-term residents. After five years on a Resident Visa (or two years for those married to a Colombian citizen), you may be eligible to apply for Colombian citizenship. This process involves language and cultural exams to ensure familiarity with Colombian society and history. Colombian citizenship can provide you with full access to Colombian rights and benefits, including the ability to vote.
Cost of Living in Colombia (Updated for 2024)
Here’s an updated look at common monthly expenses in major Colombian cities like Medellín, Bogotá and Cartagena, based on 2024 data.
Accommodation
Rent prices in Colombia vary by city, with Medellín and Bogotá typically being more expensive than smaller cities or coastal towns.
Medellín & Bogotá: $800 to $1,500 USD/month for a furnished one-bedroom apartment in desirable neighborhoods like El Poblado in Medellín or Chapinero in Bogotá.
Cartagena: Slightly lower, with rent ranging from $700 to $1,200 USD/month in tourist areas like Bocagrande or Manga.
Smaller Cities: Rent can be as low as $500-$800 USD/month for a similar setup.
Source: 2024 data from Numbeo and Expatistan shows Medellín as 60% cheaper than major U.S. cities, with Bogotá following closely behind.
Food
Food expenses are relatively low in Colombia, whether you’re buying groceries or dining out. Access to local markets and affordable produce can help you maintain a healthy diet without overspending.
Groceries: Average grocery costs for one person typically range from $150 to $300 USD/month depending on dietary preferences and whether you shop at local markets or larger grocery stores.
Dining Out: A meal at a mid-range restaurant is around $5-$10 USD per person, making dining out accessible.
Monthly Dining Budget: Expect to spend around $100-$250 USD/month if you eat out regularly.
Source: Expatistan reports that grocery prices in Colombia are among the lowest in Latin America and the Colombian government’s 2024 report on consumer prices confirms the affordability of dining out.
Transportation
Colombia’s public transportation system is affordable and well-connected, especially in major cities. Options include metro, buses and Uber, all of which are cost-effective for daily commutes or city exploration.
Public Transport (Metro, Bus): A one-way ticket in Medellín’s metro costs around $0.70 USD, while Bogotá’s TransMilenio costs approximately $0.80 USD.
Uber and Ride-Sharing: Rides within city limits usually range from $3 to $12 USD, depending on distance and time.
Monthly Transportation Budget: With regular use of public transport and occasional Uber rides, a budget of $40-$100 USD/month should cover most transportation needs.
Source: Medellín’s metro system is widely regarded as one of the most efficient in Latin America, with transportation costs still lower than in most major Latin American cities (source: Medellín Metro Authority, 2024).
Entertainment and Activities
Colombia offers a variety of affordable entertainment options, from gyms and dance classes to restaurants and nightlife. Whether you’re trying out the local cuisine, hitting the gym, or taking salsa classes, activities remain budget-friendly.
Gym Membership: Basic gym memberships average around $17 USD/month, with more upscale facilities costing closer to $30 USD/month.
Restaurants and Nightlife: A meal for two at a mid-range restaurant is around $30 USD, while drinks at bars can range from $2-$6 USD depending on the venue.
Salsa Classes: Salsa and dance classes typically cost around $15 USD per class, a favorite for those wanting to dive into local culture.
Monthly Entertainment Budget: Setting aside $100-$200 USD/month for entertainment and activities can provide a comfortable lifestyle.
Source: Numbeo’s 2024 survey of recreational costs in Colombia shows that entertainment expenses are still relatively low, with a gym and restaurant costs averaging 50% lower than in the U.S.
Healthcare and Insurance
Colombia’s healthcare is not only high quality but also affordable, making it a significant factor in the low cost of living for expats.
Public Healthcare (EPS): Enrollment in the national healthcare system is available for residents and costs around $20-$40 USD/month.
Private Insurance: Private health insurance for expats can range from $50 to $100 USD/month, depending on coverage.
Source: Colombia’s healthcare ranking is consistently high in Latin America. According to the World Health Organization, Colombia’s healthcare system is rated one of the best in the region.
Monthly Budget Summary
Based on 2024 data, a single person living in Medellín, Bogotá, or Cartagena can expect the following average monthly expenses:
Accommodation: $800 - $1,500 USD
Food: $150 - $300 USD
Transportation: $40 - $100 USD
Entertainment: $100 - $200 USD
Healthcare/Insurance: $20 - $100 USD
Miscellaneous: $50 - $100 USD
Estimated Monthly Total: $1,160 - $2,300 USD
These figures highlight Colombia as a cost-effective option for expats, digital nomads and retirees looking for an affordable yet comfortable lifestyle in a vibrant, culturally rich country.
Building a Community and Social Life in Colombia
Moving to a new country can feel isolating at first, but Colombia’s welcoming culture makes it easier to connect and feel at home. Here are some strategies to help you build a thriving social life in Colombia and truly integrate into the local community.
Expat Communities and Networking Opportunities
Colombia has a growing expat population, particularly in cities like Medellín, Bogotá and Cartagena. These cities offer a variety of expat groups and social gatherings that are perfect for meeting people from around the world.
Facebook Groups: There are numerous expat-specific Facebook groups, such as "Expats in Medellín" or "Bogotá Expats," where members share advice, plan meetups and organize events. These groups are also helpful for finding housing, getting recommendations and learning about expat life in Colombia.
Meetup and Internations: Meetup.com and Internations host regular events tailored to expats and digital nomads, including social gatherings, professional networking events and themed meetups around hobbies like hiking, food tours and tech talks.
Language Exchanges
Language exchanges are a fantastic way to meet locals, practice Spanish and immerse yourself in Colombian culture. Not only will this improve your language skills, but it will also help you connect more deeply with locals and better understand daily life in Colombia.
Bring a notebook or download a language app for jotting down new vocabulary or practicing phrases you learn in real-time. Colombians are generally patient and encouraging with language learners, making it a positive environment for beginners.
Understanding Colombian Culture and Social Etiquette
Colombians are known for being warm, friendly and family-oriented. Understanding basic cultural norms and social etiquette will make it easier to build meaningful relationships and feel integrated.
Greetings: In Colombia, greetings are more formal and it’s customary to greet with a light handshake or a single kiss on the cheek in social settings. Addressing people with a friendly “buenas” or “¿cómo estás?” helps break the ice and shows respect.
Respecting Colombian Time: While some Colombians are punctual, many operate on “Colombian time,” meaning there’s a more relaxed approach to schedules, especially for social events. Arriving 15–30 minutes late is generally acceptable for casual gatherings.
Family-Centric Culture: Family is central in Colombian culture and many social gatherings will include relatives of all ages. Embrace this and be open to intergenerational gatherings, which offer a unique way to experience Colombian culture and meet people of different backgrounds.
Joining Local Sports and Hobby Groups
Joining hobby and sports groups is a natural way to meet locals and expats who share similar interests. Colombia’s diverse geography makes it ideal for outdoor activities and cities offer various indoor options.
Soccer Leagues: Soccer, or “fútbol,” is extremely popular in Colombia and many cities have casual leagues and pickup games. Joining a local soccer league is a fun way to meet people and experience Colombian sports culture.
Dance Classes: Dance is a huge part of Colombian culture and taking classes in salsa, bachata, or merengue is an excellent way to immerse yourself while meeting locals. Salsa clubs in Cali or Medellín are ideal places to practice your moves with locals.
Hiking Groups and Outdoor Activities: Medellín, Bogotá and Cali offer easy access to mountains, forests and parks, making hiking a popular activity. Many expat groups and adventure clubs organize regular hikes, camping trips and outdoor activities.
Community Involvement
Giving back to the community is an enriching way to integrate into Colombian life while making friends and expanding your social circle.
English Tutoring or Language Classes: Many Colombians are eager to learn English, so offering language lessons or joining volunteer programs that focus on English education can be rewarding. Organizations like Teach English Colombia connect expats with schools and community centers needing English teachers.
Environmental Groups: Colombia is known for its biodiversity and there are many environmental organizations working to preserve its natural beauty. Volunteering with groups focused on reforestation, wildlife protection, or community development allows you to work alongside locals who share your interests.
Exploring the Nightlife and Social Scene
Colombia is famous for its vibrant nightlife and socializing in this setting can be a great way to build connections. Colombian nightlife is diverse, offering everything from laid-back bars and live music venues to bustling salsa clubs.
Salsa Clubs: In cities like Cali (the “Salsa Capital”), Medellín and Bogotá, salsa dancing is a favorite activity. Visiting popular clubs like La Topa Tolondra in Medellín or Zaperoco in Cali can help you meet locals in a relaxed, social atmosphere.
Social Events and Festivals: Colombia is home to numerous festivals, such as the Feria de las Flores (Flower Festival) in Medellín and the Carnaval de Barranquilla. Attending these events is an immersive way to experience Colombian culture, make friends and enjoy live music, dance and local cuisine.
Final Thoughts on Building a Community in Colombia
Building a social circle in Colombia requires a bit of effort, especially as a newcomer, but the warm hospitality and friendliness of Colombians make it achievable. By engaging in local activities, respecting social norms and immersing yourself in the culture, you’ll find it easier to make connections and feel at home. Building a community doesn’t happen overnight, but with time and openness, you’ll find yourself surrounded by a supportive network of friends who enhance your Colombian experience.
Conclusion
Moving to Colombia is a big decision, but with thoughtful preparation and an open mind, it can be one of the most rewarding experiences of your life. From its affordable cost of living and high-quality healthcare to the warmth of its people and stunning natural landscapes, Colombia offers a lifestyle that is both enriching and affordable for American expats. Each city, from Bogotá to the laid-back coastal vibes of Cartagena, has its own unique charm and community, making it possible for anyone to find their niche here.
Colombia is more than just a place to live; it’s a place to grow. You’ll experience the richness of Colombian culture, from salsa dancing and coffee tasting to immersing yourself in Spanish and building meaningful connections. The country’s landscapes provide endless adventure, while the expat and digital nomad communities offer support and companionship. Plus, with Colombia’s flexible visa options, there are various ways to make both short- and long-term stays possible, no matter your lifestyle.
So, why not take the first step? Whether you’re testing the waters for a month or committing to a long-term stay, Colombia could be the perfect fit for your expat journey. Moving to a new country is never without its challenges, but the warmth of Colombian culture, the beauty of its landscapes and the opportunities for growth make it worth the leap. Embrace the adventure, dive into the culture and let Colombia show you why it’s become a top choice for expats worldwide.